The Hunger Games free essay sample

Directions: Choose one of the following essay prompts below. You will compose a five paragraph essay that contains the following: * An introduction that contains an attention getter and a thesis statement (argument) * Three body paragraphs each of them containing one supporting reason for your thesis. All body paragraphs should have a topic sentence, introduction to a quote, a quote (evidence), and an explanation of your quote. NONE OF YOUR BODY PARAGRAPHS SHOULD END IN A QUOTE!!!!!! A conclusion that restates your thesis and provides closure to your paper Select one of the following prompts for your essay. Remember that you must take a stance on the topic to argue in your thesis statement. I suggest you start preparing to write this essay now! You should start working on your thesis statement and finding evidence (quotes) to support it now. You can bring anything you prepare ahead of time to the final to use to help you write your paper. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, you must do the majority of your essay composition during the final exam time. You will write this essay with a pencil and paper; we will not have access to computers. Remember this essay is worth 20% of your final grade. Prompt Options: 1. Is Haymitch a good mentor to Katniss and Peeta? (criteria definition) 2. How does Katniss’ relationship with Peeta change her personality? (character development) 3. Is the country of Panem a fair and just society? (criteria definition) 4. Alternate suggestions can be approved by me ahead of time.

Assassination Attempt on Mussolini

Assassination Attempt on Mussolini At 10:58 a.m. on April 7, 1926, Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini  was heading back to his car after having just given a speech in Rome to the International Congress of Surgeons when a bullet nearly ended his life. Irish aristocrat Violet Gibson shot at Mussolini, but because he turned his head at the last moment, the bullet went through Mussolinis nose instead of his head. Gibson was caught immediately but never explained why she wanted to assassinate Mussolini. Assuming she was insane at the time of the shooting, Mussolini let Gibson go back to Great Britain, where she spent the rest of her life in a sanatorium.   The Assassination Attempt In 1926, Benito Mussolini had been the prime minister of Italy for four years and his schedule, like every countrys leader, was full and hectic. Having already met with Duke dAosta at 9:30 a.m. on April 7, 1926, Mussolini was driven to the capitol building in Rome to speak at the Seventh International Congress of Surgeons.   After Mussolini finished his speech praising modern medicine, he walked outside toward his car, a black Lancia, that was waiting to whisk Mussolini away. In the large crowd that had been waiting outside the capitol building for Mussolini to emerge, no one paid any attention to 50-year-old Violet Gibson. Gibson was easy to dismiss as a threat for she was small and thin, wore a worn black dress, had long, gray hair that was loosely pinned up, and gave off the general air of being disheveled. As Gibson stood outside near a lamppost, no one realized that she was both mentally unstable and carried a Lebel revolver in her pocket. Gibson had a prime spot. As Mussolini headed to his car, he got within just a foot of Gibson. She raised her revolver and pointed it at Mussolinis head. She then fired at near point-blank range. At nearly that exact time, a student band started playing Giovinezza, the National Fascist Partys official hymn. Once the song started, Mussolini turned to face the flag and snapped to attention, bringing his head back just enough for the bullet fired by Gibson to nearly miss him. A Bleeding Nose Rather than passing into Mussolinis head, the bullet passed through part of Mussolinis nose, leaving burn marks on both of his cheeks. Although onlookers and his staff were worried that the wound could be serious, it was not. Within minutes, Mussolini reappeared, wearing a large bandage over his nose. Mussolini was most surprised that it was a woman who had tried to kill him. Just after the attack, Mussolini murmured, A woman! Fancy, a woman! What Happened to Victoria Gibson? After the shooting, Gibson was grabbed by the crowd, pummeled, and nearly lynched on the spot. Policemen, however, were able to save her and bring her in for questioning. No real motive for the shooting was discovered and it is believed that she was insane when she attempted the assassination. Interestingly, rather than having Gibson killed, Mussolini had her deported back to Britain, where she spent her remaining years in a mental asylum. * Benito Mussolini as quoted in ITALY: Mussolini Trionfante TIME Apr. 19, 1926. Retrieved on March 23, 2010. Source time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,729144-1,00.html

FINAL ESSAY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FINAL - Essay Example However, there are possible legal theories that will govern the litigant’s trial strategy. For instance, if the defendant is impecunious and his liability insurance will not cover punitive damages it will not make sense to pursue punitive damages since it is commonly believed that when juror’s award punitive damages they tend to be quire modest in compensatory damages awards. Guided by this legal theory the litigant will likely proceed with a trial strategy that abandons a claim for punitive damages.(Blanchard, p. 502) In Blanchard’s second example, the plaintiff is injured in a car accident in which the defendant driver had consumed alcoholic beverages prior to the accident. While the consumption of alcohol is evidence of the defendant’s negligence the defendant might adapt a legal theory that supports a contention that the plaintiff knew that the defendant had been drinking and therefore voluntarily assumed the risk by getting in the car driven by the de fendant. Based on this legal theory the plaintiff’s trial strategy will involve shifting the focus away from the defendant’s alcohol consumption.(Blanchard, P. 503) There are two methods by which a witness can be compelled to appear at a trial at a specific time for the purpose of cross-examination. One method is by application to the court for a pretrial order requiring the witness to appear for cross-examination. Once the court makes the order the witness is under an obligation to appear or face prosecution for contempt of court. (Blanchard p.510) The second method of compelling a witness to appear at a trial at a particular time for cross-examination is by virtue of a subpoena. Proof of service of the subpoena is necessary following which the court has the authority to hold a non-complying witness in contempt or to delay proceedings until such time as the witness can be brought to court by

Why a College Degree is Important in Achieving Success Essay

Why a College Degree is Important in Achieving Success - Essay Example The job marketplace has changed due to the shift in developed nation towards a knowledge economy. In the social reality of the 21st century, people must seek education in order to get ahead in life.   A person’s level of intelligence does even if is really high, does not make a human exempt from the need of obtaining a college degree. Not having a college diploma closes many doors in the corporate world and limits the job alternatives a person can apply for. A person who has a bachelor’s degree earns an average salary of $51,554, which is much higher than the $28,645 average annual salary a person with a high diploma earns (Kelley, 2006). A college degree is a worthwhile investment in everyone’s future. Sometimes a young person has a tough time choosing a major when considering applying for college; it is worthwhile noting that most people do not end up working in their college field of study (Agoinst, 2008). A college degree does much more than providing a human with a specific skill set that can be applied to particular work field. It is a maturing process in which a student learns interpersonal skills, responsibility, the ability to analyze information, and many other cognitive abilities which increase the value of a person in the entire labor marketplace. In an economic environment such what were are seeing in the United States where there are massive jobs losses and a rising unemployment rate which in November 2008 reached 6.7%, the highest level in over a decade, workers must become more knowledgeable and skilled to compete in the job marketplace (Bls, 2008). A college degree is more important than ever. The new jobs being created in the new economy required knowledge of new technologies and people better prepared to handle vast amounts of information.  

Unit 7 Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 7 Discussion - Research Paper Example If an economic crisis is experienced, then it is a sure thing that firms and corporations will opt for downsizing and in the process render people jobless. In turn, these people will settle on criminal activities. The third type of data that will be used is the rate of poverty. This statistic depicts the number of people living below the poverty line. They have no income, and engaging in criminal activities will be their only way of survival. The fourth type of data will involve the rate of economic growth. The rate of economic growth in a country indicates how the economy is performing. A positive economic growth means that industries that employ people are coming up. On the other hand, a negative economic growth, means that industries that used to employ people are being closed down, and as a result, people loss their jobs and resorting to crime. The final type of data will involve information regarding the crime perpetrators. Since employment is related to the economy, it will be important to research if the perpetrators were either employed or unemployed at the time they committed the criminal activities (Siegel,

The Effectiveness Of Diversion Programs For Offenders Criminology Essay

The Effectiveness Of Diversion Programs For Offenders Criminology Essay A criminal conviction does not necessarily mean that individuals will be subjected to jail or prison. In some cases, individuals are afforded the opportunity of attending a diversion program. Depending on the type of crime and the number of offenses, an individual could attend a diversion program with the permission of a judge. Diversion programs are designed to help certain offenders overcome their bad tendencies and drug and/or alcohol addictions. The one lingering question is do diversion programs really help offenders make the transition from prison to society and becoming a productive member of the society. With diversion programs, offenders are given the resources they need to work through their issues, problems, addictions, and the chances of those individuals committing another crime in the future may decrease. Concepts Non-violent crimes and recidivism First, think about the term non-violent. A non-violent crime usually means that no physical harm came to any individual. Though non-violent crimes can cause indirect harm to individuals for example, the Bernard Madoff incident did cause some suicides. One reported incident stated that an individual did commit suicide after losing all of the money to Madoff for it was a way to avoid bankruptcy. That is an example of how non-violent crimes can indirectly cause harm but on a different note those kind of incidents do not happen that often. The correctional plan for persons convicted of non-violent crimes must include an aggressive education plan. The education for a non-violent crime should fit the particular crime in which the individual was convicted of for instance, writing bad checks, substance abuse, or theft. Three strikes law and non-violent offenders The premise of the three strikes laws are best served for serious or violent crimes and the key word is convicted of a felony. In reality, there are gray areas when it comes to the three strikes law and non-violent crimes and offenders. For example, writing bad checks can get a person a jail sentence and if the third time a conviction is imposed on a individual they could face the three strikes law. Constant debate over non-violent crimes and whether a person should receive a life sentence for non-violent crimes. Adult diversion programs and 1st time offenders. A good combination for individuals who are willing and are eligible to participate in the program. These types of programs are meant for individuals who are only for misdemeanors such as worthless checks. Felony convictions can attend diversion programs but it would that written recommendations from the judge which would involve some serious commitment from the individual that they do want to be better. Theoretical considerations Alfred Alders Individual Psychology Social Learning Theory Kohlbergs Theory of Moral development Hypothesis Jail diversion programs may reduce the rates of recidivism because they provide non-violent offenders who are jailed for the first time treatment options, support groups, and overall the opportunity for a second chance. General approach Program evaluation of the jail diversion program for incarcerated individuals who may have substance abuse or mental illness issues. Jail Diversion programs provides court-based services to individuals who are eligible with psychiatric and co-occurring (mental illness and substance abuse) disorders who are arrested on minor or non-violent offenses. Â   Goals To know if jail diversion programs are effective in reducing recidivism. Literature Review Knight, L., Stephens, M. (2009). Mentally disordered offenders in prison: A tale of neglect? Retrieved from http://www.internetjournalofcriminology.com/Knight_Stephens_Mentally_Disordered_Offenders.pdf The article examines whether inmates who have a mental disorder should be considered as patients or prisoners. Prison system are meant for security and control but when it comes to the housing of inmates with mental disorders it is suggested that those particular inmates should be afforded the opportunity for better treatment within prison walls. The Mountbatten Report in 1966, following a series of escapes from high security prisons, led to greater emphasis on security and control (Knight Stephens, 2009). This upgrade in security left gaps in the system because mental ill inmates was disregarded and because of this it caused a reform in the way prisons treat or do not treat mentally ill inmates. Bottom line is that the mistreatment of mentally ill inmates caused human rights issues which prompted a few legislative measures to ensure they get proper treatment for their illnesses. Ashraf, H. (2003). US Supreme Court limits forced drugging of mentally ill before trail. Lancet, 361(9375), 2131. Academic Search Premier Database. The article goes on to explain that for the reason of standing court that mentally ill prisoners can take their prescribed medicine to stand trial. The issue arises for the case of mentally ill prisoners to stand trial for committing a non-violent crime. The article explains how the United States Supreme Court based a decision limiting the use of force drugs in order to make non-violent offenders competent for standing trials. LaFree, G., Erlanger, H. (2002). Too much democracy or too much crime: Lessons from Californias Three-Strikes Law. Law Social Inquiry, 27(4), 875. Academic Search Premier Database. The authors of this article go on explain the problems that were uncovered with some research done on democracy and the effects it has on crime. They also give a history of the Three Strikes Law and note how there needs to be a reform of it. One of the crucial finds of their study was that they were able to note that with the laws in place there was not a significant drop in the crime rate based on the Three Strikes Law. It was purposed that deterrence tactics were better suited in reducing crime. Akins, S., Smith, C., Mosher, C. (2010). Pathways to adult alcohol abuse across racial/ethnic groups: An application of general strain and social learning theories. Journal of Drug Issues, 40(2), 321-351. Retrieved from Academic Search Database. This article takes the three largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States of America and applies theories on why drugs and alcohol has different impacts on the number of users. The largest groups are Blacks, Whites, and Hispanics. The application of the Social Learning Theory and the General Strain Theory has different applications on users in these communities. Much of the article can lead to conclusions on why the pattern of drinking could lead to why there are many Blacks and Hispanics that occupy our prison systems. Steadman, H., Naples, M. (2005). Assessing the effectiveness of jail diversion programs for persons with serious mental issues and co-occurring substance use disorders. Behavioral Sciences The Law, 23(2), 163-170. Retrieved from doi:10.1002/bsl.640 The article explains how diversion programs help offenders with mental illness and/or substance abusing behaviors. The purpose of the article is to show that diversion programs can help as it was reported that monitored individuals were not committing crimes after their release from prison.

Intellectual Property: The Patents :: Intellectual Property Patent Papers

Intellectual Property: The Patents Introduction While an ethical analysis in intellectual property may not be as interesting as the ethical analysis in human genetics, such as in human cloning, patents are the most relevant in the area of high technology, which is the most important industry in the Silicon Valley and arguably, becoming one of the most powerful engines in the growth of the U.S. economy. In fact, intellectual property, a once very sleepy and very boring subject, is one of the hottest topics of conversations today in the high technology industry. Background The growing importance of patents has fueled the tremendous growth of new patents being issued annually in the past several years and currently accelerating even faster. Many concerns have been raised about new patent ideas such as new business methods and other abstract concepts. Two examples of these business method patents are the â€Å"One-Click† checkout and payment Internet technology patented by Amazon.com, an Internet commerce company, and the â€Å"Reverse Auction† Internet technology patented by Priceline.com, an Internet based travel agent. Many argue that business methods are discoveries and not true inventions. â€Å"We discover what before existed, though to us unknown; we invent what did not exist before.†1 Patents have become one of the greatest competitive assets to ensure the future of the business and as business tools to map trends and convergences, innovates new strategies and capabilities of partners and competitors, and improve all business units in the corporation. Patents have become critical in determining the winners and losers in business competition. Business Issues Patents have also become strategic assets and competitive weapon of enormous value. Patents have become the bargaining chips for companies in negotiations with other companies to gain competitive advantage by gaining access to needed technologies by cross-licensing its patents with partners and competitors. As businesses began to discover, the power of patents can no longer be ignored in business competitions as the importance of new ideas and innovations have overshadowed market position and tangible assets such as real estate and raw materials to achieve competitive goals. Patents have become critical in the business battlefield  ­Ã‚ ­Ã¢â‚¬â€ the â€Å"smart bombs† of tomorrow’s business wars2 — in addition to the traditional sales increase to expand market share. Patents are the tools that every company needs in the business battlefield to capture and defend its market share, stay ahead of the competition, increase revenues, and to be successful in their respective business segments.

Surface Tension

Processed Data: Table 1: Data in measuring the height of the water Trial| Height of water (m)| 1| 0. 032| 2| 0. 032| 3| 0. 032| Average:| 0. 032| Table 2: Values for measuring the radius of capillary Temperature| 30 degrees Celsius| Density @ 30 degrees Celsius| 995. 67 kg m-3| Acceleration due to gravity| 9. 8 m s2| Height of water| 0. 032 m| Surface tension of [email  protected] 30 degrees Celsius| 7. 118 X 10-2 N m| Radius of capillary tube| 4. 5592825 X 10-4 m| Table 3: Values for the height of n-butanol solutions in capillary tube Temperature| Trial| 0. 1 M| 0. 2 M| 0. 4 M| 0. M| 0. 8 M| 30 degrees Celsius| 1| 0. 022| 0. 023| 0. 023| 0. 024| 0. 025| | 2| 0. 022| 0. 023| 0. 024| 0. 025| 0. 026| | 3| 0. 022| 0. 024| 0. 024| 0. 025| 0. 026| Average| 0. 022| 0. 0233| 0. 0237| 0. 0247| 0. 0257| Table 4: Values for surface tension Concentration| Density (kg m3)| Acc. due to gravity (m s-2)| Height (m)| Radius (m)| Surface tension (N m-1)| 0. 1 M| 910| 9. 8| 0. 022| 4. 5592825 X 10-4 | 0. 04472564947| 0. 2 M| 920| | 0. 0233| | 0. 04788906204| 0. 4 M| 930| | 0. 0237| | 0. 04917091975| 0. 6 M| 940| | 0. 0247| | 0. 05187013633| 0. 8 M| 950| | 0. 0257| | 0. 545442923| Table 5: Values for excess concentration, cross-sectional area, & molecular radius of n-butanol Temperature| 303 K| Excess concentration| 7. 9387 mol m-2| Cross-sectional area| 2. 09 X 1048 A| Molecular radius of n-butanol| 8. 156394192 X 1023 A| Figure 1: Plot of n-butanol concentration versus surface tension Figure 2: Plot of surface tension versus ln C Discussion: The objective of the experiment is to use the capillary rise method to determine the surface tension of the working solution – in this case, the increasing concentrations of n-butanol solution.In a solution, molecules experience intermolecular forces with each other. However, the molecules in the surface of the solution experience less intermolecular force because part of it is exposed to a different phase. Therefore, there is a ten dency for the â€Å"bulk† solution to pull the molecules from the surface towards them. This concept is applied in a rain droplet, where because of the pull by the bulk part of the solution, it shapes into a form of a sphere – a shape with the least surface area. The rise of the solution in the capillary tube is the result of cohesion and adhesion.Cohesion is the attraction of molecules within the same phase while adhesion refers to the attraction of molecules of different phases; say the n-butanol solution and the walls of the capillary tube. If the adhesion force is stronger than the cohesion force, the walls of the capillary tube will be wet, which in turn attracts molecules from the bulk of the solution upward until the pressure exerted from outside (environment) of the capillary tube is equal to the forces that lifts the solution upwards.This equilibrium point will be used to determine the height of the rise of the solution, which is a factor in determining the su rface tension of the solution. Different concentrations of n-butanol solution were prepared in volumetric flasks. Then the radius of the capillary tube was identified by performing the capillary rise method using deionized water. With the given surface tension of water at 30 degrees Celsius, the radius was calculated: r=2? pgh Surfactants are molecules that have a nonpolar tail and a polar end.It lowers the surface tension from two different phases because of its ability to â€Å"pull† the molecules toward the molecules in the surface area. N-butanol is a surfactant therefore, it is hypothesized that the surface tension will decrease as the concentration of this surfactant in the solution increases. However, in the experiment, the results stated otherwise, that the more concentrated the n-butanol in the solution is, the higher the surface tension it manifests, as shown in figure 1.The equation used to compute for the surface tension is: ? = pghr2 where p is the density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height of the solution and r is the radius of the capillary. Sources of error can come from the deviating temperatures of the balance room and the laboratory. The capillary rise method should have been performed immediately right after identifying the density of the solution since a little change in temperature could greatly affect the behavior of the solution.Moreover, the long duration of time in performing the capillary rise method could possibly turn the solution back again to two layered phases, instead of a homogenous mixture therefore, what is measured is the height of the crude deionized wated rather than the solution. Also, another source of error could be the prolonged â€Å"stagnant† state of the other solutions in the volumetric flask where the alcohols present in the solution could possibly be turned into vapor state inside the flasks.The behavior of the n-butanol is to converge to each other and replace the water molecul es at the surface. The concentration of this surfactant becomes bigger than the molecules in the bulk which gives the excess of concentration denoted by: ? = -sRT where s is the slope of the best-fit line by plotting the surface tension against ln C (concentration in mol m-3), R is the ideal gas constant, and the T is the temperature in Kelvin. The value of ? , is used to calculate the value of the cross-sectional molecule of n-butanol, as well as the molecular radius of the chemical.Conclusion: Although the result stated otherwise, the concept of surface tension and the relationship of the concentration of the surfactant were understood with further research of other related experiments. Despite this, the use of capillary rise method gave way to compute for the radius without directly measuring it, but instead by having a given surface tension and determining the other sufficient factors in the Laplace equation. Sample Calculations: radius of capillary= 2(0. 07118Nm)995. 67kgm39. 8 ms2(0. 0320m)=0. 00046m urface tension= 910kgm39. 8ms20. 022m(0. 00046m)2=0. 045Nm excess concentration= -0. 0028. 314JKmol(303K)= 0. 00000079Jmol cross-sectional area= 10. 00000079Jmol10101m216. 022X1023molecules=2. 09X10^48A molecular radius= 2. 09X10^48Avalue of pi=8. 16X10^23A Literature Cited: Chang, Raymond. Physical Chemistry for the Chemical and Biological Sciences. 3rd ed. Sausalito, CA: University Science Books, 2000. Print. Page 840. csustan. Surface Tension and Soap Bubbles . 03 February 1999. 25 June 2012. . Prpich, A. , et. al. Tension at the Surface: Which Phase Is More Important, Liquid or Vapor?. 2009 Value of density @ 30 degrees Celsius taken from: Value of ideal gas constant taken from: < Mohr, Peter J. ; Taylor, Barry N. ; Newell, David B. (2008). â€Å"CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2006†. Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 (2): 633–730. >. Value of surface tension of water @ 30 taken from: < Lange, p. 1663>

Strategic Management †An Essential Tool

Strategic Management – An Essential Tool Free Online Research Papers Strategic Management is an essential tool employed by the senior management or leadership of a firm. It is an ongoing and complex process and hence, a dynamic one, where a firm’s management and leadership should be prepared to constantly adapt to competition and markets, reorganizing and retooling their organizations over time to meet set goals and objectives. Strategic Management is critical to ensuring any firm’s long term survival. It would analyze and evaluate the present and intended status of an organization; formulating varying strategies at differing organizational levels to meet those survival needs. This essay would highlight the various key areas and concepts, which comprise Strategic Management, defining what it is and how it can be used by an organization to ensure its future success. Strategic Management Strategy can be understood to be a science and an art, whereby one would attempt to execute well prepared and calculated plans, in an effort to accomplish given executive goals. This may be done through the use of various tactics, procedures, plans, decisions and measures. In addition, these strategies would serve to provide the organization with a desired competitive advantage. Management, on the other hand, may be defined as the process of effectively achieving organizational goals through Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Combining these two components together, one understands Strategic Management to mean, an ongoing and complex process of formulating an organization’s mid to long term goals and implementing the necessary strategies through management in order to realize them. Simply put, it’s the charting and directing of the future for an organization, ensuring its longevity and profitability within the aggressive business environment. Strategic Management would also been seen as the process of Crafting, Implementing and Execution of an organization’s strategies. This process would comprise five simple stages: The Development of a Vision and Mission. The Setting of Goals and Objectives. The Crafting Of Strategies. The Implementation and Execution of Planned Strategies. The Evaluation of Implemented Strategies. Vision and Mission Development Development of a Mission should be important to any organization. Mission statements would define an organization’s key values, beliefs, identity and purpose. It would reflect upon and answer such questions as what business do we want to be in, what customer needs are to be satisfied and what capabilities are to be developed. The Vision for an organization is a description of its desired future and operational state. The Vision would take into consideration future opportunities and changing conditions, essentially becoming a roadmap by which strategic decisions are crafted. For example, Eastman Kodak’s Vision is, â€Å"To become the world’s best in chemical and electronic imaging†; and Avis Rent-a-car’s Mission, â€Å"Our Business is renting cars. Our mission is total customer satisfaction.† Setting Goals Objectives The setting of Goals and Objectives transform the Mission and Vision into performance targets and serve to ensure commitment to the desired results. This in turn, can be used to create benchmarks by which the monitoring and tracking of performance and progress can be conducted. These goals should be quantifiable in nature. In defining goals and objectives, the following Criteria should be considered; Specific – where they are clearly and precisely expressed. Measurable – where tangible and assessable outcomes are produced. Agreed Upon – where those responsible for achieving the goals, have. Realistic – where they should be attainable. Timely – where they possess definitive start and completion dates. Crafting Strategy There are several questions which management should ask, necessary for the crafting of strategies. These questions include, how are we to succeed in the future? Are we going to delve into new and diversified markets? How are we to achieve a greater market share? And what values are we to build and develop upon. The strategies crafted at this point would guide the organizations on how these questions are to be answered, and as such, how the Mission and Vision are to be accomplished and pursued. There are essentially many types of Strategy, though only two will be highlighted. Firstly, a Planned Strategy, where management would prepare prospective game plans. Those plans chart the way forward, and the execution of actions necessary for constructing and maintaining a competitive advantage, ultimately attaining the successful business position. However, with time this Planned Strategy must react and respond to emerging business opportunities and conditions, therefore management would add new strategies and remove old ones. This is an Adaptive or Emergent Strategy. Examples of such conditions would include new competitive developments, technological advancements, developments, mergers and acquisitions within the industry, consumer trends and also prevailing economic and future conditions. Also, strategies are crafted at differing levels within the organization. In aiding with crafting, a situational analysis would be conducted. This is commonly known as a SWOT analysis, which looks at and evaluate the factors which would affect the organization’s competitive advantage and performance. Such as, The organization’s internal characteristic Strengths and Weaknesses, which serve to aid or retard internal organizational success. The business environment’s lucrative opportunity and imminent Threats, which serve to provide prospects for external organizational success or only serve to prevent it. The levels at which the Strategies are crafted would be the Corporate, Business and Functional. Corporate Level Strategies look at the organization in a holistic manner; and would include such actions as new business acquisitions, portfolio diversification, the synergy of business elements into one competitive force and ensuring priorities which promote the most successful business position. An example would be Cisco Systems, which purchased 71 companies between 1993 and 2000 to bolster its core competencies, and make it a foremost seller of IT products and solutions. Business Level Strategies look at the organization on a per unit basis. These strategies would define the competitive edge of the organization, unite its functions and also address any internal problems. Wal-Mart launched years ago an e-commerce site, where customers would make online purchases; and in so doing, further capitalized on its market share. Several of its competitors have also tried to keep up, launching similar services. Functional Level Strategies look at the functional departments within the organization and how they can be used to support and reinforce the Business Level Strategy. In 2005, the Dell Corporation sought to have a Dell computer in every home and business in America. To date, Dell has offered quality and affordable home and business computing solutions through very aggressive marketing, production, product development and customer support. This action has brought the company very close to the realization of its vision. The Implementation and Execution of Strategy This is the most complex and driven part of the Strategic Management Process. The Implementation stage of the process covers how management would put into action its organizational tools and resources, in a timely, efficient and effective manner, in order to achieve its goals and objectives. It can be shown to be done through the following. Leadership is the most critical area of Implementation. It would involve the influencing of others to agree upon and accomplish goals; generally through persuasion, motivation, a sense of involvement and purpose, understanding and culture-changing. Structure may be defined as follows†¦ â€Å"Organization structure is defined as (1) the set of formal tasks assigned to individuals and departments, (2) formal reporting relationships, including lines of authority, decision responsibility, hierarchal levels, spans of managers’ control and (3), design of systems to ensure effective coordination of employees across departments.† 1 Human Resources would cover all employees, their relative development, environments, conditioning, training, and employment status. Information and Control Systems would include information technology systems, information systems, policies and procedures, budgets, incentives and pay packages – all things necessary for ensuring success of other factors. Evaluation of Strategy Over time, management would have to monitor and evaluate the performance and progress of the organization, ensuring that it’s meeting its targeted goals. As mentioned previously, business and internal environments change with time, and management must ensure that its targets are being met effectively and on time. It may be found that the emergence and evaluation of new and existing conditions, strategies will have to be altered, redefined and improved upon to ensure Visions and Missions are held true. Organizations would need to make policy and budgetary changes, revise or modernize work processes and ethics, as well as improve financial reward systems and working conditions, hence, taking some remedial or corrective action. This would ensure that the organization stays on track for success. Conclusion Previous reading has shown that Strategic Management is indeed critical to an organization’s success, affecting every level and aspect of the organization. It is a cycle of events that take place over the lifetime of the organization, where CEO’s and Directors make long term decisions about their organizations; leaving the job of ensuring that the organization achieves its given goals and objectives to management. Ultimately, this would ensure the organization’s profitability to shareholders and investors, viability in given markets and survivability in the future and most importantly a sustained competitive advantage. References 1. Daft, R L (2003) â€Å"Management† – Sixth Edition. Ohio, USA: Thomson Learning South Western (p) 313. Online Resources 1. Wikipedia.com – The Free Online Encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_management (23rd October, 2005) References 1. Daft, R L (2003) â€Å"Management† – Sixth Edition. Ohio, USA: Thomson Learning South Western. 2. Daft, R L (2004) â€Å"Organization Theory And Design† – Eight Edition. Ohio, USA: Thomson Learning South Western. 3. De Kluyver, C (2000) â€Å"Strategic Thinking – An Executive Perspective†: Prentice Hall 4. Hannagan, T (2005) â€Å"Management Concepts Practices† – Fourth Edition: Prentice Hall 5. Thompson And Strickland (1999) â€Å"Strategic Management: Concepts And Cases† – Eleventh Edition: Mc Graw-Hill Research Papers on Strategic Management - An Essential ToolThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfDefinition of Export QuotasResearch Process Part OneMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of India

Human Disease and Their Control Essays - Immunology, Immune System

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